Lesser Earless Lizard Holbrookia maculata  Girard, 1851
An adult specimen from Sumner County, Kansas Image © Suzanne L. Collins, 2001
Taxonomic Comments:
Occurrence of Holbrookia maculata bunkeri Smith 1935, in the United States (New Mexico) was reported by Axtell (1958 unpublished and unreviewed Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas, Austin). This race will be added to the fifth edition. Schulte, James A., II & Kevin de Queiroz (2008. Phylogenetic Relationships and Heterogeneous Evolutionary Processes among Phrynosomatine Sand Lizards (Squamata, Iguanidae) Revisited. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 47: 700-716) demonstrated that this species is paraphyletic with respect to Holbrookia propinqua.