Fowler's Toad Anaxyrus fowleri  (Hinckley, 1882)

Taxonomic Comments:

Masta, Sullivan, Lamb & Routman (2002 Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 24: 302-314), using mtDNA, demonstrated that this species is composed of three distinct clades (= lineages), all of which may eventually merit specific recognition. Surprisingly, they showed that Bufo fowleri is more closely related to B. terrestris than to B. woodhousii, as had been previously hypothesized. Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, De Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green & Wheeler (2006. The Amphibian Tree of Life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1-370) placed this species in the genus Anaxyrus (Tschudi, 1845). The standard common name remains Fowler's Toad.